WEBVTT 00:00:01.954 --> 00:00:28.087 - What's the stand called? Spider. Where'd you get your kettle? Ordered it at the sale. What kind of wood 00:00:28.087 --> 00:00:31.102 - do you use? 00:00:32.034 --> 00:00:42.373 - Well, they used most any kind of wood as long as it's dry. Where did you get that lid? Where'd you get 00:00:42.373 --> 00:00:52.612 - the lid for that? A little friend of mine made it for me. Do you have, like, a paddle or something to 00:00:52.612 --> 00:01:00.542 - stir the beans with? Yeah, here. What's it called? Is it just called a paddle? 00:01:01.218 --> 00:01:29.502 - How long have you been doing this? How do you know when they're done? 00:01:31.010 --> 00:01:43.085 - How long have you been doing this? Ten years, at least. Where do you do it? Most of it. Well, at the 00:01:43.085 --> 00:01:55.160 - Berry Street Picnic at Green Castle for reunion. That's where it started as a reunion. The island of 00:01:55.160 --> 00:02:00.062 - Kentucky. Did anybody in your family do? 00:02:00.194 --> 00:02:09.359 - sort of thing? Yeah, I've got the son-in-law and son both that help me. Do you use a certain kind of 00:02:09.359 --> 00:02:18.614 - beans or you can use just any type? Just any kind of a dry bean. These are great northerns. I like to 00:02:18.614 --> 00:02:28.414 - eat. Is it better if you have ham in it? Yeah. If I wanted to make some beans like that, how would I do it? 00:02:29.154 --> 00:02:38.653 - Well, first you go get the beans and put them in and soak them overnight. Then don't take as long to 00:02:38.653 --> 00:02:49.374 - cook them, either way. We'll usually soak them overnight. The whole kettle will, whatever we're getting, cook it. 00:02:59.842 --> 00:03:11.446 - to hang them in while you're cooking, salt them to your taste. That's about all there is to it. What 00:03:11.446 --> 00:03:23.049 - if you salt it too much? Huh? What if you salt it too much? Well, you're in trouble there. A special 00:03:23.049 --> 00:03:29.598 - treat was used on special occasions, like for a wedding, 00:03:30.178 --> 00:03:39.125 - Christmas of the recipe. It has six eggs in it and seven cups of flour. So back in Pioneer Day, they 00:03:39.125 --> 00:03:48.514 - didn't have a lot of eggs to waste, so that this was, you know, on rare occasions, they would make funnel 00:03:48.514 --> 00:03:57.727 - cakes. That was something that the children could help make. After they are finished, then you sprinkle 00:03:57.727 --> 00:04:00.030 - them with powdered sugar. 00:04:03.010 --> 00:04:17.515 - You know what an elephant ear tastes like today when you go to the fair and you have an elephant ear? 00:04:17.515 --> 00:04:31.166 - Something like that. And you order that. How long does it usually take to make? Oh, just about. 00:04:31.522 --> 00:04:42.901 - 60 seconds, about a minute, and then I just, when they're golden brown, you get them out of the grease. 00:04:42.901 --> 00:04:54.718 - I'll make another batch here and show you how you put it in this funnel. Just curl it around in the grease. 00:05:29.346 --> 00:05:57.918 - Would you like to taste one? They're good? 00:05:59.426 --> 00:06:22.558 - Quite a treat, aren't they? Okay. You hold their finger underneath the funnel here. 00:06:33.858 --> 00:06:44.161 - Hold her around in the grease. Now get down a little bit lower so it doesn't splash. Get her down a 00:06:44.161 --> 00:06:54.773 - little bit lower, Ron, and then it won't splash onto you. Would you like to know what's in the recipe? 00:06:54.773 --> 00:07:01.470 - Okay, there is seven cups of flour, six eggs, four cups of milk, 00:07:02.338 --> 00:07:15.523 - One half teaspoon of baking powder, baking soda, and a dash of salt. You just mix this all together 00:07:15.523 --> 00:07:29.630 - and drop it in your hot grease. Once they get golden brown, and then you turn them over on the other side, 00:07:30.050 --> 00:07:49.252 - Take them out and sprinkle them with this powdered sugar. Want to sprinkle some more sugar on yours? 00:07:49.252 --> 00:07:59.518 - He would like, if you like, brown sugar and cinnamon. 00:07:59.650 --> 00:08:09.562 - You could make up a mixture of that and then shake that on out with the really pasty tooth. I think 00:08:09.562 --> 00:08:20.268 - that's what the elephant ears that you give the bear have on nails. What are you doing here? We're braiding 00:08:20.268 --> 00:08:25.918 - rugs out of old rags. How wide do the strips have to be? 00:08:26.306 --> 00:08:36.658 - Well, that depends on the weight of the material. If it's denim or woolen material, it's about two inches 00:08:36.658 --> 00:08:46.717 - or two and a half. And that will depend on the size of braid you have. I'm new at this. Mrs. Salzman's 00:08:46.717 --> 00:08:54.334 - teaching me. But she's, I think she's knowing how to do it for several years. 00:08:55.618 --> 00:09:04.355 - What does this thing in your family do? Well, I think so. And I had long braids. My hair was long and 00:09:04.355 --> 00:09:13.435 - braided when I was your size. And my mother taught me, and we've always braided them. And my grandmother, 00:09:13.435 --> 00:09:22.173 - she crocheted rugs with a needle, the rags. She'd cut rags narrow for that. And my grandmother always 00:09:22.173 --> 00:09:25.342 - used everything. She wasted nothing. 00:09:25.602 --> 00:09:34.165 - And I think I kind of took after her. How long have you been doing it? Well, about all my life. Probably 00:09:34.165 --> 00:09:42.484 - five or six years old when I started. Are the rags washable? Well, it depends on the material. If the 00:09:42.484 --> 00:09:51.047 - material is washable, why, yes. You want to be sure they're made with strong, put together strong thread 00:09:51.047 --> 00:09:53.086 - like Ann's using because 00:09:53.954 --> 00:10:03.429 - If it breaks, well then you have to mend all the time. Do you use them to walk on? Yes. I have one made 00:10:03.429 --> 00:10:12.722 - of denim that's at my kitchen and dining room. It's been there on the floor for seven years. How many 00:10:12.722 --> 00:10:20.830 - rugs do you have in your house? Oh, I don't know. I don't use them all at the same time. 00:10:22.594 --> 00:10:29.336 - And you can make them out of different material. A double knit would make good ones. That is made of 00:10:29.336 --> 00:10:36.012 - ribbons off of flowers at the cemetery. And it wouldn't wash. And it is braided, but it isn't sewed 00:10:36.012 --> 00:10:42.887 - together. They were made together. Now, I don't know how to do that one. And this double knit material 00:10:42.887 --> 00:10:48.094 - would last for years and years and years. The lady that made this one was 92. 00:10:48.514 --> 00:10:55.575 - She was way up in her nineties and in a nursing home when she made them. But she started long before 00:10:55.575 --> 00:11:02.567 - that. She made lots of them. Do you know who she was? She was my aunt. She lived in Kansas. She was 00:11:02.567 --> 00:11:09.628 - from southern Indiana when she was a little girl. Would you like for Clovis to cut some and show you 00:11:09.628 --> 00:11:13.054 - how to put them together and how she starts one? 00:11:18.402 --> 00:11:26.332 - What? Give me the pieces that are cut. The pieces that are already cut. OK. And some people weave rugs 00:11:26.332 --> 00:11:34.185 - on a loom. And that way, they don't use this wider material, more like 3 quarters of an inch to come. 00:11:34.185 --> 00:11:42.578 - And then they're put together on a loom with carpet chain, which is a strong thread. You put three together. 00:11:42.578 --> 00:11:47.582 - You know how you braid hair? Yeah. Well, this is the same thing. 00:11:49.954 --> 00:11:59.590 - uh, I can't find the ends. Have three and you'd pin them together or sew them together and then start 00:11:59.590 --> 00:12:09.131 - braiding. And you want to braid them firm. If they're too loose, they, uh, dirt dog will throw them. 00:12:09.131 --> 00:12:18.578 - Now these were braided by the children at Bell Union and I sewed them together this week other than 00:12:18.578 --> 00:12:19.806 - the pink and 00:12:20.514 --> 00:12:26.511 - In fact, you girls probably helped braid some of these. And you can see some children know how to braid 00:12:26.511 --> 00:12:32.335 - better than the others. Some of them were tight and some of them were loose, but I wanted to keep it 00:12:32.335 --> 00:12:38.448 - the way the children did it. And you don't want too long pieces to start with, maybe a yard long, because 00:12:38.448 --> 00:12:44.560 - you get too long, so you get all tangled up. If you ever go to State Fair in the woman's building, you'll 00:12:44.560 --> 00:12:45.598 - see braided rugs. 00:12:51.394 --> 00:13:01.143 - I tied these all together, but we didn't have enough material to go with this. But I started working 00:13:01.143 --> 00:13:10.893 - on this one two nights ago. And I've gotten this much done. And this was just in the evening after I 00:13:10.893 --> 00:13:19.870 - got my work done. So it takes quite a while to finish a rug. Have clothes that are outgrown? 00:13:20.706 --> 00:13:29.636 - The back of overall legs are leftover scraps and things that they can all be used. If you want to use 00:13:29.636 --> 00:13:38.391 - the same, sort of like same material in each one, don't get, you can't put silk with wool and light 00:13:38.391 --> 00:13:47.234 - wood and come out right. Then after you braid them, then you sew them together and you make it quite 00:13:47.234 --> 00:13:49.598 - long because if you don't, 00:13:50.402 --> 00:13:58.220 - You get it too little and it'll pucker. If you want a round rug, you start with a very small part. 00:13:58.220 --> 00:14:06.196 - But you, and that, sewing them together is very important. If you get them too tight, pull too much, 00:14:06.196 --> 00:14:14.250 - you'll come out with like more of a shape of a hat. But to lay flat, you want to kind of hold it back 00:14:14.250 --> 00:14:15.198 - as you sew. 00:14:20.994 --> 00:14:29.713 - Not if you learn how. It isn't hard to do. That's sewn together is the hardest job. Did anybody teach 00:14:29.713 --> 00:14:38.432 - you how to do this? I guess my mother did, I suppose. Are you teaching your grandchildren? They about 00:14:38.432 --> 00:14:47.151 - all tried it one time or another. I have scraps at home, little circles that about each granddaughter 00:14:47.151 --> 00:14:49.374 - tried. I think perhaps as 00:14:49.602 --> 00:14:57.111 - One reason they made rugs was they had more time at night and in the winter time they didn't go a lot. 00:14:57.111 --> 00:15:04.619 - They didn't have cars, you know. They couldn't get away from home like we do and they spent their time 00:15:04.619 --> 00:15:12.638 - sewing and things like that. We put one piece of material through the hole. Do you know how to use a thimble? 00:15:16.002 --> 00:15:25.213 - the other end through, and then you tie it that way, and you don't have to sew them together. Go in 00:15:25.213 --> 00:15:34.609 - on this side. You fold them like this. And you trim it so it's rounded. So there's no rough edge. Cut 00:15:34.609 --> 00:15:43.912 - a little slit, like that, so you have a little slit in it. And then you go to the other end, and you 00:15:43.912 --> 00:15:45.662 - do the same thing. 00:15:45.826 --> 00:15:54.369 - How do you know where to cut it? Oh, you just pretty much... If you cut it too close to the edge, it 00:15:54.369 --> 00:16:02.996 - will tear loose. But you don't want to cut it too far back because that will leave too much bulk. So, 00:16:02.996 --> 00:16:09.086 - just about like that. Okay, now, would you like to try and cut a strip? 00:16:26.562 --> 00:16:54.014 - No, I don't have any of that cut. I just had one piece cut. Okay. 00:16:56.322 --> 00:17:18.294 - Then you'll have to take another one. I'll do it the same way. I'll show you how to put those two together. 00:17:18.294 --> 00:17:25.822 - Didn't get that in finished, did we? 00:17:26.274 --> 00:17:40.637 - And then you bring this piece and put it through this end. Then you just pull it through. They used 00:17:40.637 --> 00:17:52.990 - to sew them together, but this is easier. It doesn't take near as much time. But, uh, 00:17:54.210 --> 00:18:05.653 - Then you kind of fold it over so it's smooth. Like this. See, then you have a nice smooth edge. This 00:18:05.653 --> 00:18:17.096 - material needs to be wider. When it was cut, it wasn't cut wide enough. Then after you braid it like 00:18:17.096 --> 00:18:20.382 - she's doing, Rhonda's doing, 00:18:22.594 --> 00:18:31.599 - then you sew it like Diana's doing. Here is a rug that's been woven on a loom. Now looms are big. They 00:18:31.599 --> 00:18:40.691 - take up a big room. And they use a carpet chain. And then they tie it on the end. And you have a fringe 00:18:40.691 --> 00:18:49.433 - for your rug. And they cut the pieces narrow for these, about less than an inch wide. And they make 00:18:49.433 --> 00:18:52.318 - them in stripes or solid colors. 00:18:54.146 --> 00:19:02.442 - They were a long, long time, too. The cradle's about old, close to 100 years old, a little over 100 00:19:02.442 --> 00:19:10.820 - years old. It's been put together, as you can see, without the nails. It's got the hand cut out. The 00:19:10.820 --> 00:19:17.374 - hand is where you can carry it, where they cut them out by hand, and it rocks. 00:19:24.674 --> 00:19:32.921 - The little buttons, that's just the fancy part. They just stuck the buttons on to make it look a little 00:19:32.921 --> 00:19:40.851 - fancier. Expect they're out of brass. How'd they get the holes in? Nah, I don't know. Probably took 00:19:40.851 --> 00:19:48.782 - a hammer and nail. What's that? What's this down here? Yeah. This is one of the toys that they used 00:19:48.782 --> 00:19:54.174 - to play with. It's what they darn socks on. They put socks over it. 00:19:54.306 --> 00:20:01.782 - darn them with a needle. Then they'd let the children play with them. This is the one. This used to 00:20:01.782 --> 00:20:09.408 - be, they used to make butter, butter paddle, take the butter out with that. And it was just something 00:20:09.408 --> 00:20:16.959 - that the children could play with and it didn't hurt them very much. Of course, just a wooden spoon. 00:20:16.959 --> 00:20:24.286 - The cradle, it was a sail. My mom and dad got it at a sail down south in Indiana. It was a woman. 00:20:24.706 --> 00:20:33.643 - 92 years old when they got that, and she's, they've had it for about 15 years or so. It was her, she 00:20:33.643 --> 00:20:42.758 - had been rocked in when she was a baby. The chair I'm sitting in, it was my, my great-grandmother used 00:20:42.758 --> 00:20:51.518 - to rock her, her daughter in, which had been my great-grandmother, be his great-great-grandmother. 00:20:54.370 --> 00:21:05.076 - It's about 150, at least, years old. And the bottom of this chair is made of hickory. You go to the 00:21:05.076 --> 00:21:15.888 - woods in the spring, I think it is, and get a straight hickory pole. And they take a sharp knife and 00:21:15.888 --> 00:21:22.526 - cut the width you want your cane, and then peel off the bark. 00:21:22.946 --> 00:21:31.384 - wet the cane to put it in the chair so the chair will draw up and not be loose after it dries. And they 00:21:31.384 --> 00:21:39.579 - will last a long, long time. Me and my brother put it in a couple when we were children. And they're 00:21:39.579 --> 00:21:47.774 - still in use over 50 years. This is the original one and this one. This is the same one that it had. 00:21:52.770 --> 00:22:01.310 - Very comfortable, very comfortable. We'll rock a baby to sleep real quick. What can you tell us about 00:22:01.310 --> 00:22:09.683 - your shoes? Well, they came from a woman that had died, oh, it's been probably 30 years ago. My mom 00:22:09.683 --> 00:22:18.056 - and dad went to a sale, and she had long dresses and pantaloons and all kinds of shoes like this at 00:22:18.056 --> 00:22:22.494 - them. And we just got them and put most of the stuff 00:22:22.690 --> 00:22:29.322 - Halloween stuff and I've kept the shoes. They're very comfortable. They do not look it, but they're 00:22:29.322 --> 00:22:36.087 - very comfortable. I wear them down here pioneer days and they all day and they don't hurt at all. The 00:22:36.087 --> 00:22:42.720 - only thing that's hard is getting them laced up. It takes you a long time to get in them before you 00:22:42.720 --> 00:22:49.485 - leave. Outside that, they're very comfortable shoes to wear. They're just leather. These other things 00:22:49.485 --> 00:22:51.806 - that are made here are things that 00:22:52.866 --> 00:23:02.054 - you make and then you use your scraps for your quilts. And this is called the Dresden plate. And I have 00:23:02.054 --> 00:23:11.153 - applicated onto this material. And then, see the material right there, that white material? I will cut 00:23:11.153 --> 00:23:20.606 - a square the same size of this and pin it onto this frame and then cut some cotton and put on top of that. 00:23:20.834 --> 00:23:30.439 - And then we'll put this on here and pin it on. And then you would have your design here to quilt along 00:23:30.439 --> 00:23:39.950 - the edge. And then that would make the two, the three layers together for quilt. Quilting was the way 00:23:39.950 --> 00:23:49.182 - that they had covers for their beds. They didn't go to town and buy blankets back in the old days. 00:23:50.434 --> 00:23:59.578 - This quilt over here, I've made two of those, and that's called the Dresden Doll, and I did those in 00:23:59.578 --> 00:24:08.632 - this frame also. What kind of quilt is this? This is called a Dresden Doll quilt, and I have pieced 00:24:08.632 --> 00:24:17.867 - it on this frame here, and you adjust the frame to the size of square that you're going to use. A lot 00:24:17.867 --> 00:24:19.678 - of these pieces are 00:24:19.938 --> 00:24:28.311 - used from articles that you have made, like the apron. This is an apron, but it also can be used as 00:24:28.311 --> 00:24:36.685 - a bonnet. And of course, when you make shirts, you can use the solid materials. And this, you know, 00:24:36.685 --> 00:24:44.639 - would be a different color. This is called a star-fold design that you decorate clothing with. 00:24:44.639 --> 00:24:47.486 - That's a shirt. This is a jacket. 00:24:50.562 --> 00:24:59.249 - This is the log cabin design on a jacket. I have a lot of compliments on that jacket. But this is the 00:24:59.249 --> 00:25:08.191 - quilt that I have been working on for so long. And I just keep doing for others and don't do for myself. 00:25:08.191 --> 00:25:16.964 - But I'm going to get this done this winter. But you see, you take this frame and adjust it to the size 00:25:16.964 --> 00:25:19.774 - of your square. Then you cut the 00:25:20.610 --> 00:25:29.544 - cut the lining and then you cut your cotton to go on top of that and then baste it all together and 00:25:29.544 --> 00:25:39.103 - then you quilt and you use a certain kind of thread and you have to have a thimble. You have to go through 00:25:39.103 --> 00:25:48.394 - all of the thicknesses to go along the edge, you know? And then that way it makes your design and it'll 00:25:48.394 --> 00:25:50.270 - come out on the back 00:25:50.850 --> 00:25:58.281 - and then you sew all of your pieces together. Why is this broom wearing a dress? Well, I had bought 00:25:58.281 --> 00:26:05.787 - this broom at Billy Crick Village and they make them over there, you know, so I didn't want my broom 00:26:05.787 --> 00:26:13.293 - to wear out so I made a cover for it and I made it like an old-fashioned skirt and I'm growing broom 00:26:13.293 --> 00:26:16.414 - cane. I had taken the seeds from this and 00:26:16.802 --> 00:26:23.200 - I'm growing it this year, and I'll bring it over this fall for you to make some brooms. And these are 00:26:23.200 --> 00:26:29.472 - the little girls' brooms, and you can also make a skirt to go on that. But that's why I put a skirt 00:26:29.472 --> 00:26:35.744 - on my broom is because I wanted to keep my broom. I didn't want it to go to the barn, or the fellas 00:26:35.744 --> 00:26:42.142 - take it out in the truck and get it all dirty, and I wanted to keep it. I had bought it several years 00:26:42.142 --> 00:26:43.710 - ago. So isn't that neat? 00:26:45.666 --> 00:26:52.214 - We are demonstrating the old-fashioned corn sheller, the way corn was shelled back in pioneer days. 00:26:52.214 --> 00:26:58.761 - We have big combines now, but back then we used this contraption. It's a very inventive machine. It 00:26:58.761 --> 00:27:05.374 - works beautifully well, and whoever thought of it really helped out, I'm sure. Okay, these girls are 00:27:05.374 --> 00:27:09.630 - going to show you how that we shelled corn back in pioneer days. 00:27:28.290 --> 00:27:38.003 - comes out at this point comes out here and you just throw it away and your shelled corn is down here 00:27:38.003 --> 00:27:43.966 - in the box. Regina you want to do one? Can you hold the baby? 00:28:04.546 --> 00:28:14.142 - Go ahead. And here's our car. 00:28:35.458 --> 00:28:46.332 - What did you do with the corn after the pioneer day? What did the pioneers do with it? The corn that 00:28:46.332 --> 00:28:57.099 - they shelled? They threw that out to feed for their hogs and their cows. And then they ground it up 00:28:57.099 --> 00:29:04.958 - for cornmeal. That's where cornmeal comes from. What are you making now? 00:29:10.338 --> 00:29:36.190 - Are they hard to do? Do you use a certain kind of wood? You have to have a wood shingle. Are they hard to do? 00:29:41.954 --> 00:29:49.091 - The notch has to be cut pretty well on the balance with the saddle. Because if you get the notch too 00:29:49.091 --> 00:29:51.070 - far back, they'll back lay. 00:30:21.890 --> 00:30:31.601 - That's the way they're made. You have to have a sling for them with a string to it to shoot them up 00:30:31.601 --> 00:30:41.118 - into the air. There's another toy we played with when we were children. I'll try to operate this. 00:31:09.890 --> 00:31:22.090 - I forget just how it all come about. Us boys would make them and have a time with them. Well, the same 00:31:22.090 --> 00:31:33.936 - way with the wheel, it was about that age that's back when we started in with them. And then these, 00:31:33.936 --> 00:31:37.726 - uh, uh, the spools right there, 00:31:41.730 --> 00:31:51.167 - It's a very simple thing. You just cut notches on the edge of the spool for cleats and take a rubber 00:31:51.167 --> 00:32:00.791 - band and a piece of soap. Cut out a piece of soap, put on the face of the spool one end, drill and put 00:32:00.791 --> 00:32:05.182 - a hole in the soap for the band to go through.